Geotechnical study in Borox

In Borox, carbonate materials predominate, especially limestones, dolomites and marbles, which exhibit competent characteristics for foundations, generally providing good bearing capacities. However, there is a significant presence of groundwater masses, implying variability both in the water table level and in the ground’s degree of saturation. In addition, zones with gypsum, anhydrites and salts have been identified, which could pose a risk of dissolution, particularly in areas prone to groundwater circulation. The possible local inclusions of compact gravels and sands may favour foundation conditions, but the existence of expansive clays locally requires special attention to the soil–structure interaction, as these clays can generate unwanted differential movements at the support base.

The recorded seismic activity in Borox is very low, with only around 2 events of very low magnitude over the last few decades, so seismicity does not represent a relevant limiting factor for local structural design. However, the presence of karstification processes in the carbonate bedrock requires detailed verification before carrying out any foundation, as there may be hidden cavities that affect stability. Furthermore, the risk arising from the intermittent presence of expansive clays and gypsum necessitates careful geotechnical characterisation. The main constraints for the geotechnical study in Borox are the possibility of karst and the zoning of expansive clays; it is therefore essential to rule out significant instabilities or differential deformations in order to guarantee the safety of the foundation.