Geotechnical study in Villaconejos

In Villaconejos, the ground is dominated by masses of water and formations of limestones, dolomites and marbles, which suggests a predominance of carbonate materials with high permeability and bearing capacity that is favourable for foundations. It is also important to take into account the occasional presence of gypsum, anhydrite and salts, as well as compact gravels and sands —the latter are suitable for shallow foundations if they are found at the bearing level. The aquifer nature of the subsoil implies the need for a detailed study of the groundwater table and its influence on the stability of the foundations, especially in areas close to water bodies.

The municipality’s seismic hazard is very low, with only 3 events over 30 years and a low maximum magnitude, which reduces the requirement for specific structural measures against earthquakes. However, the possible presence of karst requires rigorous verification of cavities and prior dissolution processes before any intervention, as these may compromise the stability of the soil under load. In addition, the local existence of expansive clays introduces a significant risk of volumetric movements, which must be assessed to avoid defects in buildings. The main factor to be controlled in Villaconejos is the possible instability arising from karstified processes and expansive soils in specific sectors.