Geotechnical study in Almazán

In Almazán, carbonate materials predominate, such as limestones, dolomites and marbles, accompanied by deposits of gravels and compact sands which are favourable for shallow foundations due to their competent bearing capacity. However, in certain areas gypsum, anhydrite and salts occur, the potential for dissolution of which may affect ground stability, and although expansive clays are present in a subordinate way, overall they do not severely condition the design. It is essential to carry out an appropriate geotechnical characterisation in order to avoid foundations on unstable horizons or those susceptible to dissolution processes.

Seismicity in Almazán is considered high, with more than 150 events in the last 30 years, although the maximum magnitude reached recently is 4.1, meaning that the seismic effect must be assessed in the structural design. In addition, the setting shows karst development, so the presence of cavities or altered zones requires thorough verification prior to the start of foundation works. The most relevant geotechnical constraint is the possible presence of karst and gypsum, which require specific studies for any intervention.