Geotechnical study in Ceuta

In Ceuta, the predominant geotechnical ground consists of slates and schists, which provide good bearing capacity conditions for most buildings. Limestones, dolomites and marbles occur only occasionally, followed by smaller layers of sandstones and flysch; these materials generally allow standard shallow foundations, although it is recommended to assess the homogeneity of the ground in specific projects. The sporadic presence of soft soils, such as made ground, and hard clays usually does not affect conditions significantly, but their spot characterisation is advisable in urban areas or in zones with potential high-load interventions.

Seismic activity in Ceuta is very low, with only one minor event recorded (Mmax 2.5) in recent decades, which reduces the need for structural criteria due to seismic action in most foundation projects. No risks of karstification or expansiveness of clays have been identified in the dominant soils. Therefore, the main geotechnical constraint for the area lies in the local heterogeneity of the base materials and possible infill, factors that highlight the need to carry out an accurate geotechnical study prior to any type of construction.