Geotechnical study in Villar de Olalla

In Villar de Olalla, soils formed by limestones, dolomites and marbles predominate—rocky materials that constitute a competent substratum for direct foundations, generally providing good bearing capacity. In addition, the frequent presence of gypsum, anhydrite and salts introduces the possibility of dissolution processes, which may generate underground voids and undesirable ground settlements. It is crucial to carry out a geotechnical study that includes specific tests to rule out areas affected by dissolution processes and to guide the optimal foundation type.

Local seismicity is very low, with only 8 recorded events over 30 years and a maximum magnitude of 1.9, so seismic regulations will not impose significant constraints on the design. However, the possibility of karstification linked to the carbonate and gypsum-bearing formations must be thoroughly verified before designing any foundation, as the existence of cavities or associated subsidence represents the main geotechnical risk factor in the municipality. The non-clayey substratum rules out the risk of shrink–swell (expansivity) in the designed houses and structures.