Estudio geotécnico in Colmenar de Oreja

In Colmenar de Oreja, the substrate is characterised by the frequent presence of water-bearing masses, gypsum, anhydrite, salts, and granulometrically coarse materials such as compact gravels and sands. The gypsum and salts present increase the risk of dissolution, which may affect the stability of any foundation if the integrity of the ground is not verified properly. The limestones and dolomites, although less frequent, can provide high bearing capacity, but it is essential to analyse their continuity and fracturing. The abundance of highly productive aquifers demands particular attention to the interaction between water–soil–foundation, especially in areas of gypsum or soluble salts, to prevent future ground settlement or underground erosion.

With regard to geotechnical risks, the seismicity is notable, with 107 events in 30 years and maximum magnitudes of 3.1; therefore, although there is no serious structural constraint, it must nevertheless be taken into account at the design level and in accordance with current regulations. It should be noted that the non-clayey substrate in the area eliminates the risk of expansivity. However, the possible presence of karstification in limestones and gypsum necessitates an exhaustive verification of cavities and dissolutions before founding, as this phenomenon may be the main constraint for projects in the municipality.